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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp can be a valuable device to help a loved one live more independently at home. If they are not designed properly they could be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require level landings at any changes in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They also need to provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs effortlessly navigate the structure. For example, the ramp slope should not exceed a ratio of 1:12 and must have landings that are level upon any direction change or change in the ramp's surface. The ramp must also be constructed of treated lumber, which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp should be free of obstructions like bushes, trees or other structures that can interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should be non-slip as well as hard. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the ramp's entire length.

Use treated lumber at least four inches in width for the frame of the ramp. Build posts to secure the ramp, ensuring they are at minimum eight feet apart and that they extend above the level of the ground. The posts must then be connected with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This kind of connection is preferred since it minimizes the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the edge of the ramp.

Next, build the frame for the ramp using Joists that are at minimum 16 inches long and beams that measure 2 by 4 inches. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using joist hangers which are nails that grip the inside of the joists to stop them from sliding out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Install an upper landing close to the doorway, allowing wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing without difficulty. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. For doors that swing in the landing should be at least 58 inches by 60 inches to allow for the threshold and a person using wheelchair who has to roll backward through the doorway.

Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having to hit their brakes into corners. A level landing allows you to move the ramp out of the way when needed, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service can help you decide which is best for your business or home. It is important to consider your specific needs and budget when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should also be easy to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require the ramp to be covered with a non-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits before you begin building or buying any materials. Also, make certain to follow the local building codes. Incorrect construction materials or methods can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can get the most up-to-date information about construction regulations at your local government's building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are typically the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, but they require more care than other alternatives. The wood ramp's surface need to be regularly treated with a sealer in order to stop warping and rot. Wood can splinter and be dangerous for people using wheelchairs. Wood ramps may require additional support to keep the structure in place and stable.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and long-lasting however they can be costly. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to put in them and can make it difficult to move the ramp after it is no longer needed. Concrete ramps are able to withstand the weight of large power wheelchairs.

aluminum wheelchair ramps for homes ramps weigh less than steel or concrete however they possess the same strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also more affordable than steel and iron which makes them a great option for people on an extremely tight budget. Aluminum is a green choice since it is found in the earth's crust naturally and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing should be at a level level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door in order for wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps with a gap greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp is smooth transitioning from the upper landing to the ground. The ramp's last section should be curved to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly at the point of leaving or entering a home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is a plane inclined that can be installed as an alternative to or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair Ramps aluminum users and people who use strollers or carts to get around areas that are otherwise difficult to access, such as a front door or a set of steep steps.

There are many factors to consider when selecting a ramp for wheelchairs, including size, location, and height. A ramp should be placed as close to the door as possible to help prevent unnecessary journeys. It should be placed at a level that the person using it is able to easily navigate. It should be securely anchored to the floor and free of any obstructions such as trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond the ramp. Handrails must be continuous if the ramp is designed with switchbacks or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of the ramp is determined by the incline. However, there are some common ramp types that can be used in all situations. A threshold ramp, for instance is placed flush against the curb's lip or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps, on the other hand they can be moved to a new location and come in different sizes. There are also aluminum ramps with modular design that can be assembled on the spot. These are usually used in public or commercial areas and are typically longer than the threshold and portable ramps.

Check with your city's construction department to determine if a permit is required for a permanent ramp. It is also advisable to speak with an expert in mobility about the kind of ramp that is best for your space and needs. In certain situations installing permanent ramps could boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is essential to maintain your wheelchair ramp particularly if it is going to be used often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and fix any structural issues when they occur. This will ensure that the ramp is in compliance with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to get rid of dirt and other debris that can block access. Keep the ramp spotless to stop moisture from accumulating under the surface. This can cause decay. Preservatives and stains for wood will only work only if the bridge ramp for wheelchair is thoroughly cleaned prior to application.

wheelchair aluminum ramps ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps due to the fact that they are more likely wear and tear. It is essential to have the right tools. A set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers is crucial to ensure that all fixings are tight and secure. It is also important to regularly inspect the handrails for signs damage or corrosion. With time and repeated use, it's possible for some of the fittings or bolts that hold the handrails to become loose. This could pose an issue for anyone who uses the ramp.

It is also important to ensure that the surface the ramp is sufficiently grippy particularly in winter, when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to clean up any dirt, leaves or other debris that might block and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to avoid slips and injury.

If you're planning on using your ramp all winter months, you should consider purchasing wheels for traction or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to better track on snowy surfaces and uneven surfaces. They can help you stay on your ramp for longer than standard wheelchair tires. You can also use heating tape or pads to melt the snow and ice on the ramp prior to it accumulates.